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How To Draw Opera House

Drawing freely from imagination is cool, but not everything can be drawn using free, intuitive movement of the hand. Man-made objects, like vehicles and buildings, are created according to certain rules, and these rules bind our freedom. You can't draw a building by guessing the lines—you must follow the rules, and these rules are defined by perspective.

In this tutorial I will how you how to draw a house step by step in the two-point perspective. I'll do my best to explain the whole process to you rather than just tell you what to do.

What You Will Need

  • Photo of a house

You can use any photo of a house you want, for example your own. We will not copy the reference, but we need some kind of a base to know what we're trying to draw. So its perspective doesn't need to be perfect—we'll create our own view!

You can draw using any tool, but it's best to use some drawing software for this—perspective doesn't require fine manual skills, so you can successfully use a mouse for this. If you prefer to draw traditionally, make sure you use a much bigger sheet of paper than the intended size of the drawing. And don't forget to use a long ruler!

1. How to Start a Drawing in Perspective

Step 1

Start with the horizon line. When something's above it, you look up on it. When something's below it, you look down on it.

horizon line horizon line horizon line
The horizon line should be much longer than your intended drawing if you want to avoid extreme distortion

Step 2

We want two sides of the building visible: the right side and the front. They share a common dimension: their height. In 2-point perspective, height is generally the dimension that stays perfectly vertical, so we don't need to draw any vanishing points for it.

house edge house edge house edge

However, it's also important where we place that height. The center of the horizon line is also the center of the vision. If you place that edge line there, both sides will be equally visible. If you place it more to the left, the front will be more visible at the cost of the side. And that's what we want!

preparataion for perspective drawing preparataion for perspective drawing preparataion for perspective drawing
horizon line and length horizon line and length horizon line and length
The shorter the height in relation to the horizon line, the less extreme the distortion.

Step 3

Perspective turns parallel lines into convergent lines. Where do they converge? Well, it depends on you. The more of the side you want to see, the farther the vanishing point should be.

how to make perspective less distorted how to make perspective less distorted how to make perspective less distorted

Step 4

Draw the other edge of the front between both lines. Imagine how long the front would be without perspective, and then make it shorter according to the angle between the left edge and the ground—90 degrees would give the full length, and the smaller the angle, the shorter it must be.

house front edges house front edges house front edges
perspective front view perspective front view perspective front view
how to shortne in perspective how to shortne in perspective how to shortne in perspective
Thanks to a far placed vanishing point and the relative height of the front, our angle is wide enough to allow for almost a full length

Step 5

You can now connect both edges to create a full surface of the front wall. Keep in mind these two lines are parallel in reality! Everything parallel to them will go towards that vanishing point.

perspective parallel lines perspective parallel lines perspective parallel lines
perspective front perspective front perspective front
perspective parallel vann perspective parallel vann perspective parallel vann

Step 6

Time for the other side. The rule is very simple here: the more visible one side, the less visible the other. So we need to place the vanishing point close.

how to place vanishing points how to place vanishing points how to place vanishing points

Step 7

Again, imagine the full length of that side and shorten it according to the angle.

perspective converging lines perspective converging lines perspective converging lines
perspective 2d views perspective 2d views perspective 2d views
perspective two walls perspective two walls perspective two walls
The angle is quite acute, so we need to shorten the side strongly

Step 8

Close the shape of the side with two more lines. Again, these lines are parallel and everything parallel to them will go towards the same direction.

perspective house side perspective house side perspective house side
perspective flat views perspective flat views perspective flat views
perspective simple building perspective simple building perspective simple building

Step 9

Now that you know how to use the vanishing points, I will show the drawing up close to make the details more visible.

Perspective distorts proportions, so we need to place the guide lines very carefully. It's best to use special, universal algorithms to divide an area into equal parts. Let's divide the front in half and in thirds—the porch seems to be about one-third of the length, so this would be useful for us.

house front divided into thirds house front divided into thirds house front divided into thirds
Regular lengths make drawing in perspective easier, so let's simplify the proportions for our purpose

First connect the corners of the front.

how to divide rectangle in half how to divide rectangle in half how to divide rectangle in half
how to draw halves in perspective how to draw halves in perspective how to draw halves in perspective

Step 10

The diagonals of a rectangle show you the center of it even in perspective. So this is how we divide it into halves. Keep this middle line fully vertical.

rectangle two parts algorithm rectangle two parts algorithm rectangle two parts algorithm
how to divide into halves in perspective how to divide into halves in perspective how to divide into halves in perspective
Notice that one of the halves seems longer than the other—that's how it works in perspective, and that's why you can't just use a ruler for this

Step 11

Once we have the middle lines, we can use it to create thirds:

how to cut in three how to cut in three how to cut in three
perspective three thirds perspective three thirds perspective three thirds
cut in three cut in three cut in three
how to divide in thirds in perspective how to divide in thirds in perspective how to divide in thirds in perspective

Keep these guide lines only that visible to use them later, but without confusing them with the final lines of the drawing.

perspective guide lines perspective guide lines perspective guide lines

Step 12

The other side seems to be about five windows long, so it will be the most useful to us to divide it into fifths. There's an algorithm for this as well:

house side wall house side wall house side wall
perspective cut in half perspective cut in half perspective cut in half
perspective side wall perspective side wall perspective side wall
cut in cross cut in cross cut in cross
prspective cross prspective cross prspective cross
diagonals diagonals diagonals
perspective diagonals perspective diagonals perspective diagonals
draw diagonals draw diagonals draw diagonals
perspective four diagonals perspective four diagonals perspective four diagonals
how to divide in five parts how to divide in five parts how to divide in five parts
how to divide in fifths in perspective how to divide in fifths in perspective how to divide in fifths in perspective

Again, keep these guide lines barely visible.

perspective building guide lines perspective building guide lines perspective building guide lines

2. How to Add Windows and Doors in Perspective

Step 1

We need more guide lines to place the elements on the wall properly. Because this is a building, we can expect the elements follow some kind of proportion. Once we discover it, we can use it in our drawing.

Look at the height of the outline above the windows, the windows, and the lower part of the wall. Mark them on the edge.

house divide horizontally house divide horizontally house divide horizontally
divide horizontally divide horizontally divide horizontally
perspective divide horizontally perspective divide horizontally perspective divide horizontally

Step 2

Draw parallel lines through these points. Do you remember what parallel means here?

parallel lines parallel lines parallel lines
how to draw parallel lines in perspective how to draw parallel lines in perspective how to draw parallel lines in perspective

Step 3

It's the easiest to divide the areas in halves and thirds, so let's assume the window, with all its outline, is one-ninth of the length of the front. Divide each third into thirds to create guide lines for this.

divide into ninths divide into ninths divide into ninths
how to draw regular guide lines in perspective how to draw regular guide lines in perspective how to draw regular guide lines in perspective

Step 4

The door does not have such obvious proportions, so we need to create it ourselves. Connect two clear points...

how to discover proportions in drawing how to discover proportions in drawing how to discover proportions in drawing
how to make drawing proportionate in perspective how to make drawing proportionate in perspective how to make drawing proportionate in perspective

... and draw a vertical line through a crossing of the guide lines.

crossing of the guide lines crossing of the guide lines crossing of the guide lines
perspective mark perspective mark perspective mark

Step 5

We now have enough guide lines to outline the windows and door.

windows and doors windows and doors windows and doors
windows and draws front view windows and draws front view windows and draws front view
windows and doors in perspective windows and doors in perspective windows and doors in perspective

Step 6

The actual windows start slightly deeper within the outline. How can we guess their width? Well, let's create it! Symmetrical 'X's are easy to draw...

symmetrical division symmetrical division symmetrical division
symmetrical division in perspective symmetrical division in perspective symmetrical division in perspective

... and they neatly cross that upper guide line.

house windows house windows house windows
house in front view house in front view house in front view
how to place windows regularly in perspective how to place windows regularly in perspective how to place windows regularly in perspective

3. How to Draw a Roof in Perspective

Step 1

The roof of the house in my reference is not a simple one, but don't let that discourage you! Every roof follows the same rules, and some just need more work to apply them.

Define the highest point of the roof. You must think in 3D—you can't just elongate one wall vertically and place that point there. That point must belong to both walls at the same time!

house roof height house roof height house roof height
house height front view house height front view house height front view
how to define roof height in perspective how to define roof height in perspective how to define roof height in perspective
The height of the roof is arbitrary, but make sure you make it proportional to your overall vision.

Step 2

My roof has a "ridge" on top. Its width will be a nice reference point, but we need to define it first. Again, to add any length to our drawing in perspective, we must base it on something that's already been drawn. For example, draw two diagonals through the thirds on the side of the window (we can be sure they're symmetrical)...

house roof proportions house roof proportions house roof proportions
hidden proportions front view hidden proportions front view hidden proportions front view
hidden proportions perspective hidden proportions perspective hidden proportions perspective

... and draw a line through the point where they cross with the lowest horizontal guide line.

house front view roof house front view roof house front view roof
The height of these lines is arbitrary.
house roof width perspective house roof width perspective house roof width perspective

Step 3

To draw the height of these lines, we need to place them on the same level as the middle line. Project some lines through guide lines to find the right spot.

how to use guide lines in perspective how to use guide lines in perspective how to use guide lines in perspective

Step 4

We know where this ridge starts, but we still don't know where it ends. More guide lines are necessary to find that point. Remember to keep the proportions from the base view!

how to make proportions constant front view how to make proportions constant front view how to make proportions constant front view
how to make proportions constant perspective how to make proportions constant perspective how to make proportions constant perspective
perspective roof distortion perspective roof distortion perspective roof distortion

Step 5

You can now easily outline the ridge.

house top ridge house top ridge house top ridge
complicated roof perspective complicated roof perspective complicated roof perspective
There's no need to draw the lines that are concealed by the front, but make sure you know where they are

Step 6

Before we draw the rest of the roof, we need to understand exactly what we want to draw. From the side, the roof looks like a triangle, and we already have the top of this triangle, so we need to follow that rhythm.

house roof triangle house roof triangle house roof triangle

If we elongate the top of the wall towards that line, we'll find the length of the roof (measuring the distance from the wall to the edge).

house roof length house roof length house roof length

Now our job is to create some easily replicable guide lines. It doesn't matter where they are, as long as they create the proportion we want every time they're used.

house perspective proportions house perspective proportions house perspective proportions

Apply these guide lines to the drawing in perspective.

special guide lines for roof special guide lines for roof special guide lines for roof

Step 7

To find the actual length of the roof, we need to project it to the ground.

how to find roof length in perspective how to find roof length in perspective how to find roof length in perspective

Step 8

We have the length, but we also need the exact placement of the corners. They're easy to find now!

perspective roof corners perspective roof corners perspective roof corners

Step 9

These points are useless to us as long as they're on the ground, but it's not difficult to project them to their right level.

house roof height house roof height house roof height
perspective how to place the roof correctly perspective how to place the roof correctly perspective how to place the roof correctly

Step 10

Finally, connect the dots!

roof front view roof front view roof front view
how to draw a roof in perspective how to draw a roof in perspective how to draw a roof in perspective

4. How to Draw a Complicated Roof in Perspective

Our house has its walls and the roof, so it's technically done. But it's boring, and it doesn't look like the reference at all! Now we're going to make it look more interesting, but keep in mind this may create a higher level of difficulty. I will also assume you've grasped the techniques we've been using so far, so I may not explain every step as thoroughly.

Step 1

The elements on the roof are placed in a non-random way, and we need to discover it. Let's create some repeatable guide lines in advance: divide the side of the middle block into eight parts.

eight parts division eight parts division eight parts division
divide into eights in perspective divide into eights in perspective divide into eights in perspective

Step 2

The roof of the porch starts in the horizontal center, but not exactly in the center of the roof. Find the exact points you want to use for guide lines, and then project them to your drawing.

house roof center house roof center house roof center
house porch height house porch height house porch height
porch height in perspective porch height in perspective porch height in perspective
Always pay attention to the position of the elements inside the walls.

Step 3

The roof of the porch seems to be parallel to the rest of the roof. We can mark it easily on the side view, but how can we find it in perspective?

roof curvature roof curvature roof curvature
roof angle front view roof angle front view roof angle front view

As always, we need to create replicable guide lines that point to our desired result...

replicable guide lines replicable guide lines replicable guide lines

... and project them to the drawing.

guide lines projection in perspective guide lines projection in perspective guide lines projection in perspective

Step 4

We know how long the roof is on the side, but we also need to find its width (which, like the reference suggests, is slightly longer than the middle third of the front wall). These guide lines should do the job.

porch roof width porch roof width porch roof width
house porch width house porch width house porch width
porch roof in perspective porch roof in perspective porch roof in perspective

Step 5

Now we need to cross the guide lines from both dimensions to find the corners of the roof. The illustration below may look confusing, because we're so close to the horizon line that the guide lines are almost horizontal.

horizontal guide lines horizontal guide lines horizontal guide lines

Step 6

Now we have all we need to outline the little roof!

porch roof outline front view porch roof outline front view porch roof outline front view
porhc roof outline in perspective porhc roof outline in perspective porhc roof outline in perspective

Step 7

The protruding windows on the roof will be quite complicated to draw, so feel free to skip them if you feel lost.

First, let's add some guide lines on the roof to see its surface better. We don't have vanishing points for them, so just follow their rhythm.

roof curvature lines roof curvature lines roof curvature lines
roof guide lines roof guide lines roof guide lines

Step 8

We need more guide lines in that inner block of the roof. Divide it into quarters.

inner roof guide lines inner roof guide lines inner roof guide lines
inner roof guide lines perspective inner roof guide lines perspective inner roof guide lines perspective

Step 9

We should know enough to place the base of the window.

roof window guide lines roof window guide lines roof window guide lines
roof window guides roof window guides roof window guides

Step 10

The window has a triangular top, so we need to mark it as well. Quite easy once we stay on the same level of depth, isn't it?

roof window height roof window height roof window height
roof window height in perspective roof window height in perspective roof window height in perspective

Step 11

Now we need to project the window outline to its place on the roof. I told you it was going to be difficult!

additional roof guide lines additional roof guide lines additional roof guide lines
additional roof guide lines in perspective additional roof guide lines in perspective additional roof guide lines in perspective
how to draw roof in perspective how to draw roof in perspective how to draw roof in perspective
how to draw roof window in perspective how to draw roof window in perspective how to draw roof window in perspective
how to measure roof  in perspective how to measure roof  in perspective how to measure roof  in perspective
how to draw triangular weindow in perspective how to draw triangular weindow in perspective how to draw triangular weindow in perspective

Step 12

The roof of that window is protruding, so we need to project it forward as well. We're going to use the front wall as a reference to make it easier.

house roof window house roof window house roof window
small window roof proportions small window roof proportions small window roof proportions
triangular window roof outline triangular window roof outline triangular window roof outline

Make the whole window outline protrude in order to make measurements easier.

triangular window proportions triangular window proportions triangular window proportions

Step 13

The roof has a certain thickness and angle, so they're not easy to project. Use a trick to create them: find guide lines on the window outline that automatically create the outline of that roof. It doesn't need to be perfect, just close enough.

triangular window roof width triangular window roof width triangular window roof width
triangular window width in perspective triangular window width in perspective triangular window width in perspective
triangular window roof on roof triangular window roof on roof triangular window roof on roof
triangular window roof on roof in perspective triangular window roof on roof in perspective triangular window roof on roof in perspective

Step 14

Create the other window using the same steps, or by drawing guide lines through the already drawn one.

how to draw windows on the roof in perspective how to draw windows on the roof in perspective how to draw windows on the roof in perspective

Step 15

We know exactly where the roofs starts, so we can easily draw their tops.

how to make roof mroe interesting how to make roof mroe interesting how to make roof mroe interesting

Step 16

The sides of these windows go towards the inside of the roof, but they're also covered by it. The curvature of the roof can be measured, but we don't need to be as precise—just remember that every line going down must be shifted slightly towards the front (as its back gets gradually concealed by the roof).

complciated roof in perspective complciated roof in perspective complciated roof in perspective
roof curvature in perspective roof curvature in perspective roof curvature in perspective

5. How to Draw a Porch With Steps in Perspective

Step 1

The porch has symmetrical sides, but we only have a guide line on one of them. Let's create a similar one on the left side.

house symmetrical porch house symmetrical porch house symmetrical porch
symmetrical porch in perspective symmetrical porch in perspective symmetrical porch in perspective

Step 2

Use these guide lines to create the outline of the short wall.

house porch walls house porch walls house porch walls
porhc walls front view porhc walls front view porhc walls front view
porch wall outline porch wall outline porch wall outline

Step 3

These walls will be as long as the roof over them, but not as wide. Use an additional guide line to exclude the part of the roof from the width of the porch area.

roof over porch roof over porch roof over porch
roof over porch proportions roof over porch proportions roof over porch proportions

Step 4

You can now give these walls all their sides.

little walls of porch little walls of porch little walls of porch
porch walls in perspective porch walls in perspective porch walls in perspective

Step 5

Divide the inner side of the wall into thirds—this should be enough to create four steps.

house porch divide into thirds house porch divide into thirds house porch divide into thirds
house porch wall divide into thirds house porch wall divide into thirds house porch wall divide into thirds

Step 6

The first step is quite flat, so mark it first before adding the other steps. Its height may be arbitrary.

house flat step house flat step house flat step
house first step front view house first step front view house first step front view
house first step in perspective house first step in perspective house first step in perspective

Step 7

Divide the two thirds into 16 parts—four heights and four lengths of every step.

how to prepare guide lines for steps how to prepare guide lines for steps how to prepare guide lines for steps
how to prepare guide lines for steps in perspective how to prepare guide lines for steps in perspective how to prepare guide lines for steps in perspective

Step 8

Draw the outline of the steps, following the guide lines.

steps outline steps outline steps outline
steps outline front view steps outline front view steps outline front view
steps outline in perspective steps outline in perspective steps outline in perspective

Step 9

Now you have enough guide lines to draw the steps.

steps front view steps front view steps front view
how to draw house steps how to draw house steps how to draw house steps
how to draw steps in perspective how to draw steps in perspective how to draw steps in perspective
The other way to do it is to draw the outline of the steps on the other side as well and then to connect them.

Step 10

The porch wall has an elevated part, so we need to draw it as well. It should be easy to measure it with what we already have.

house elevated porch wall house elevated porch wall house elevated porch wall
house elevated porch wall front view house elevated porch wall front view house elevated porch wall front view
elevated porch wall perspective elevated porch wall perspective elevated porch wall perspective
interesting porch walls in perspective interesting porch walls in perspective interesting porch walls in perspective

Step 11

There are pillars supporting the roof growing from the lower part of the wall. I'm going to go the easy way and make them as wide as the wall and a step.

house porch pillar house porch pillar house porch pillar
house pillars front view house pillars front view house pillars front view
house pillars in perspective house pillars in perspective house pillars in perspective

Step 12

When all the guide lines are done, you can finish your drawing. If you're creating it digitally, you just need to remove the guide lines and add the details following the rhythm of the other elements. If you're drawing traditionally, it's better to place a new sheet of paper on the sketch and draw clean lines on the top.

how to draw a house step by step how to draw a house step by step how to draw a house step by step

Good Job!

It was a long tutorial, but I hope I managed to clear some things up about perspective and drawing buildings from scratch. Don't forget to post your result in the comments!

how to draw a house in perspective how to draw a house in perspective how to draw a house in perspective

How To Draw Opera House

Source: https://design.tutsplus.com/tutorials/how-to-draw-a-house-step-by-step--cms-28575

Posted by: hamiltonwathre.blogspot.com

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